This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. CCR-0219587,CCR-0085792, EIA-0218262, EIA-0238027; National Aeronautics and Space Agency NAS2-02039; National Institute of Health RO1 EB000675-1; Microsoft Research; and Hewlett Packard Gift No. 88425.1. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies.

Molecular Computing Research

New (11 August 2005): Center for Molecular Cybernetics

NSF Press release Coming soon: Center for Molecular Cybernetics home page.

People

Prof. Milan Stojanovic (PI), Columbia University
Prof. Darko Stefanovic (PI), University of New Mexico
Dr. Sergei Rudchenko (PI), Hospital for Special Surgery
Prof. Cristopher Moore (PI), University of New Mexico
Dr. Joanne Macdonald, Columbia University
Dr. Dmitry Kolpashchikov, Columbia University
Ben Andrews, University of New Mexico
Clint Morgan, University of British Columbia
Jenny Sager, University of New Mexico
Marlow Weston-Lee, University of New Mexico
Lisa Glendenning, University of New Mexico
Tiffany Elizabeth Mitchell, Columbia University
Joseph Farfel, University of New Mexico
Harvey Lederman, Princeton University

MAYA, the tic-tac-toe playing automaton

Article in Nature Biotechnology 21, 1069-1074 (2003): Milan N. Stojanovic and Darko Stefanovic: A Deoxyribozyme-Based Molecular Automaton.

Ben Andrews and Clint Morgan have developed a web-based simulation of MAYA.

If you want to see photographs of Milan playing against MAYA (taken by Darko), look here . They also show the first three moves by MAYA as visualized by a fluorescence plate reader (red circles). Blue are unused fields or human moves (MAYA does not show human moves). Deep blue circles are signs of the imperfect digital behavior in wells containing multiple semi-activated gates. These pictures are taken 30-45 minutes into each move. We stopped there, because we were late for some other meeting, so you will not see Milan being humiliated by the automaton.

If you want to know exact structures used for MAYA, please contact Milan (mns18@columbia.edu) and he will send you a document with all structures used. We promise to put them on this web page soon. If you want to test alternative strategies, we will be glad to help you out with the construction of siblings.

MAYA can be easily built in your own lab, if you are interested in testing it. You need a plate reader, and ~$3,000 for gates and substrates. If you need help feel free to contact Milan. This may be a nice high-school project (advanced), as step-by-step construction of MAYA (or a simpler automaton MAYA-I responing only to a corner move of human) could introduce students to enzyme kinetics, hybridizations, molecular computation and sensors, and nanotechnology (some patience as well). If you are interested in this we will be glad to help you out.

Finally, what is next? With the help of several talented high-school students, we are building MAYA-II, a user-friendly automaton capable of playing general tic-tac-toe game and showing human moves, as well. Milan and Darko