There are 5 problems, all of equal worth, although not all of equal
difficulty. I would expect most everyone to solve 3 of the 5
problems, a fair number to solve 4 of the 5, and a few to solve all 5;
two problems (3 and 5) have a subquestion identified as "harder" -- these
are strictly bonus work. Show your work! Just writing
down a few numbers leaves no margin for error, whereas writing
down your reasoning will get you some type of partial credit
in case your answer is wrong. Some of the problems (particularly
Problem 3) have answers that involve very large numbers -- just give
the formula.
Problem 1. If a 5-card hand is dealt from a well shuffled
deck of 52 cards, what is the probability that the hand forms a full
house? (A full house is made of a triple and a pair -- 3 cards of equal value
and 2 cards of equal value; for instance K-K-K-4-4 and 9-9-3-3-3 are full
houses.)
Problem 2. You roll some fair six-sided dice.
What is the probability that the dice all show different values
when you roll
Suppose we do the same type of counting for the following simple game. You are dealt a hand of 5 cards from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards; you pay $5 for the hand. Every pair of cards of equal value is worth $2; every triple (viewed just as the triple) is worth $3; and every fourtuple (again viewed just as such) is worth $4. Nothing else is worth anything. Thus, for instance, a full house (see Prob. 1 for a definition) gives you 4 possible different pairs and a triple, for a total return of $11; a hand with a triple and two other different cards gives you 3 possible pairs and a triple, for a total return of $9; etc.
What is your expected loss or gain per hand in this game?
(Hint: start by
thinking about the possible kinds of hands that have some value, compute
the worth of each type, then compute the number of different hands of
each type, get the resulting probability, and finish by computing your
expected return. Be sure to show intermediate work, since it's easy in
this problem to get one of the several types of hands counted wrong.)
Problem 5.
In a very simplified version of Bingo, everyone buys "cards" on which
are written 10 distinct integers chosen at random between 1 and 100.
An announcer has a bag of 100 beads numbered from 1 to 100.
She repeatedly pulls a new bead from the bag (at random) and announces
its value, upon which announcement
each gambler whose card includes that value crosses it from the card.
The first gambler to "fill a card" (i.e., cross all 10 values on a
card) wins; if several gamblers cross their last value at the same time,
the first to shout "Bingo!" wins.